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Across the Board A win, place and show bet on a horse. Added Money Funds added to a race purse in nomination, starting, and entry fees. These monies are provided by the host racing association, local breeding fund, or other interest organization. Added Weight Extra weight a horse may carry when racing, usually more than the race requires. Allowance A race other than a claiming event for which the racing secretary drafts certain conditions. Allowance Race A race in which a horse is assigned to carry a specific weight based upon factors such as age, sex, and past performance. Allowances Reductions in the amount of weight that a horse is required to carry, which can be awarded for various reasons. For instance, a female racing against males will be assigned a weight allowance, as will a three-year-old racing against older horses. Apprentice A jockey who has ridden for less than a year and who receives weight allowances. Baby Race A race for two-year-olds. Backside The racetrack's barn area. Backstretch The straight portion of the far side of the track. Bay A color ranging from tan to dark chestnut with black mane, tail and points. Beyer speed rating: A measure of performance popularized by Andy Beyer of The Washington Post. Bell The sound of a bell is used either to start the race or to signal the close of betting. Blinders A device that attaches near the sides of a horse's eyes, intended to limit its vision so that it will not swerve to either side while racing. Bounce An exceptionally poor performance on the heels of an exceptionally good one. Box A type of wager that utilizes all possible numeric combinations in a single bet. Breakage Also known as dime breakage, it is the amount that is subtracted from wager payout calculations when they are rounded to the nearest dime. Breeders Cup One of the most famous traditions in racing history, the annual Breeders' Cup features eight races in one day and is held at a different track each year. Broodmare Female horse used for breeding. Broodmare sire A sire whose female offspring become producers of exceptional performers. Bullet Fastest workout of the day at a particular distance. Byerly Turk One of the oldest lines of lineage for the Thoroughbred. Also known as one of three "founding sires." Call The position of any horse at any point during a race. Call to the post A special call played on a Bugle used to signal the horses to the starting gate. Chestnut A color ranging from light gold to deep red. Also, a small, horny growth on the inside of a horse's front legs. Claiming race A race in which the horses are for sale at a price specified before the race. Claims are made before the race and the new owner assumes possession immediately following the race. However, the original owner is entitled to any purse won during the claiming race. Colt An ungelded male horse 4 years old or younger. Commingle When a handful of pari-mutuel pools are added together. This usually refers to the combination of mutuel pools from OTBs and the host racetrack. Condition Book Issued by the Racing Secretary, a number of these publications are not only free, but provide valuable knowledge concerning the day's events Daily Double A wager that utilizes the selection of the winners in two consecutive races. Dam The mother of a horse. Darley Arabian One of the three most prominent types of horses found when tracing today's Thoroughbred lineage. Distaff A race for female horses. Dosage A label given to racehorses concerning their speed or stamina relative to their pedigree. A number of theories have been developed to this effect, but the mostly commonly derived dosage indicators today are the Dosage Profile (DP), The Dosage Index (DI), and the Center of Distribution.(CD) Double Pool The double is when a handicapper selects the first place finisher in each of two specific races. Driving Strong urging by jockey. Early foot Good speed at the start of a race. Entry Two or more horses representing the same owner or trained by the same person and running together as a single betting entity. Equivalent Odds The mutuel payoff per $1 wagered. Exacta The prediction of the first two finishers for a single race, in their exact order of finishing. Exotics Any wager other than win, place, or show. These wagers have a tendency to have higher payouts because they are more difficult to handicap. Field The horses that are racing. Filly A female horse less than 5 years old. Flag Held at the official starting point of the race, times are officially calculated when the flag is dropped. Foal A term used to denote a young horse in its first year of life. Foal Crop The amount of foals born in a given period of time. Foaled A verb meaning "gave birth". Fractional Times Times recorded at various points throughout a race. Furlong An eighth of a mile. Gelding A neutered male horse. Godolphin Barb This type of horse remains one of the three most common when tracing today's Thoroughbred lineage. Graded Race A competition limited to horses within a certain classification. Grandam A Thoroughbred grandmother. Grandsire A Thoroughbred grandfather. Groom The person whose job it is to care for the Thoroughbred prior to racing. Handicap Technically and traditionally, a handicap is a race in which weights are assigned to horses depending on class. It also is the process of contemplating a number of factors and then predicting the outcome of a race. Handicapping This is the study of factors in the past performances which determine the relative qualities and abilities of horses in a race. Handle Money wagered. Hard Track A turf course that does not provide any softness for the contenders. Head Used often to denote the distance between horses in a particular competition. Heavy Track The wettest form of turf track possible. Horsemen Those involved with owning, training, and racing a Thoroughbred. Impost Weight that a horse is assigned to carry in a particular race. Inquiry Official investigation of rule infractions. Intertrack Wagering (ITW) The development of wagering platforms in between tracks. While a number of states have legalized interstate ITW, some have only legalized intrastate ITW. This wagering system is mostly enabled simulcasting. Jockey The rider of the horse during the race. Often years of training are required for an apprentice to advance to professional status. Jockey's Guild An association that works to assure jockeys' rights within the racing community. Jumper A horse that races the steeplechase. Juvenile Two-year-old horse. Lasix Diuretic medication given to horses which bleed. Maiden A horse that hasn't won a flat race in any country. Maiden Race A competition for those horses that have not won a race. Mane Hair that grows on the neck of the horse, kept clipped or braided for show. Marathon A race that is longer than 1.25 miles. Mare A female horse 5 years old or older. Match Race A race between just two horses. Minus Pool A situation in which such a large sum of money is wagered on a horse, usually to show, that there is not enough left over after takeout and breakage to pay holders of winning mutuel tickets. The track is then required to make up the difference and compensate the winners. Morning line The starting odds set by the track handicapper. Mounting Fee A minimum fee charged by jockeys for their race. Mutuel Pool The sum of the pari-mutuel wagers on an event. Nose The smallest margin by which a Thoroughbred can win a race. Oaks Stakes races reserved for three-year-old fillies. Odd-Even Pool This wager requires the bettor to predict whether the first place finisher in a particular race will be designated with an odd or even number as indicated in the official racing form. Off Pace A horse that is behind early in the race. Off track A track that is not fast. Overlay A horse whose odds are greater than its potential to win. Overnight Race A "regular" race, in which entries close a set number of hours before the race begins. Pace Setter The horse running in the lead. Paddock Structure or area where horses are saddled and kept before going to the track. Pari-mutuel System of wagering where all the money is returned to the wagerers after deduction of track and state percentages. A wager that originated in Paris, in which odds are determined by the total betting pool, called the mutuel pool. In this wagering system, bettors wager against themselves, rather than the "house". Photo Finish A race that is so close at the finish that a picture is required to determine the winner. Pick Six A wager that requires the bettor to pick the winner in six consecutive races. Pick Three Pool A wager that requires the bettor to pick the first place finisher in each of three specific races. Pinhooker A person who purchases foals for a low price and then sells them as yearlings for a profit. Place Wager Betting a horse will finish in second place. Purse An amount of money distributed to winning Thoroughbreds. Purse funds come from different sources, depending on the type of race. Quarter Horse An extremely fast breed of horse that is used mainly for ranching and very short sprint races. Quinella Double Requires the bettor to select the first two finishers in each of two races. The order in which the horses finish is irrelevant. Quinella Pools Selection of the first two finishers for a single race. The order in which the horses finish is irrelevant. Roan Horse with white hairs mingled throughout its coat. Route A race generally longer than one mile. Router A horse that performs well at longer distances, rather than sprints. Rule Off Banned from racing. Saddle Cloth A piece of fabric that fits between the saddle and the horse. Show Wager Betting a horse will finish in third place. Silks Jacket and cap worn by jockeys. Simulcast The simultaneous broadcast of horse races from multiple locations. Sire Father of a foal. Stakes Race A race that includes horsemen's costs such as nomination and registration fees, and where the entries close weeks and even months in advance of the race date. Stallion Uncastrated male horse. Stud Another name for a stallion. See also: Stallion Superfecta The handicapper selects the first four finishers in a single race in their exact order of finishing. Takeout The amount of money deducted from the pari-mutuel pool, portions of which are divided among horsemen, the tracks, and purses. Most tracks have a standard takeout rate of approximately 20 percent. Thoroughbred Name Names of Thoroughbred are registered with the Jockey Club and can be no longer than 18 characters. Tightener A method of training in which a racehorse is entered into a number of races, one of which is intended to bring the horse to its peak level of performance. Trainers often race Thoroughbreds at varying distances in order to tighten their racing ability. Totalizator An automated machine that tallies wagers as soon as pari-mutuel tickets are purchased. Trifecta Selection of the first three finishers for a single race, in their exact order of finishing. Triple Crown Winning all three of the major stakes races of the Kentucky Derby at Church Hill Downs, the Preakness at Pimlico, and the Belmont Stakes at Belmont. Turf course Grass covered race course. Twin Trifecta The prediction of the first three finishers in each of two specific races. The horses must be chosen to finish in their exact order. Underlay Horse whose odds are more promising than his potential to win. Valet A person who helps jockeys keep their wardrobe and equipment in order. Wagering Handle The amount of money bet on a particular race. Warm-up A workout before the race begins. Weight The assigned weight for a horse, including the jockey, equipment and lead weights if needed. Workout Exercise session at a predetermined distance. Yearling A horse that is one year old. The universal birthdate of horses is January 1. |
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